An investigation of the effectiveness of indirect retainers.

An Overview of Fixed and Removable Orthodontic Retainers

 Background and purpose: One of the main challenges in orthodontic treatment is relapse after treatment and return of the teeth to its original position. Therefore, retainers are an essential part of orthodontic treatment. Fixed and removable retainers are commonly used in orthodontic retention. They prevent relapse and require patientchr('39')s cooperation in using them. This review study aime...

A prospective clinical evaluation of mandibular lingual retainer survival.

Bonded retainers are considered reliable, independent of patient co-operation, and highly efficient. However, most studies regarding the survival of retainers are retrospective. The aims of this investigation were to prospectively evaluate the failure rate of bonded lingual retainers, the influence of direct or indirect bonding procedures on survival, and to determine the distribution of failur...

An Investigation of Indirect Evaporative Coolers, IEC With Respect to Thermal Comfort Criteria

An Investigation of Iranian EFL Teachers and Learners’ Preferences in the Selection of Different Types of Direct and Indirect Oral Corrective Feedback

This paper aimed at examining the Iranian EFL teachers and learners’ preferences for two types of direct oral corrective feedback, including explicit correction and metalinguistic clues, and two types of indirect oral corrective feedback, including recast and repetition. The participants included 39 teachers and 84 EFL learners, selected through purposive sampling. A scenario-based questionnair...

Comparison the Effectiveness of Direct and Indirect Instruction on Learners’ Creativity

Introduction: learners’ creativity in this era has attracted researchers and educational planners’ attention to study about this subject and in this regards, educational plans can be designed in a way that provide an appropriate basis to increase Learners’ creativity. The present study with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of direct and indirect instruction on enhancing Learners’ creativi...